In a May 28, 2014 decision, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals held, in Newdow v. Peterson, that the inclusion of the phrase “In God We Trust” on U.S. currency – which is mandated by two federal laws, 31 USC sections 5112(d)(1) and 5114(b) – does not violate the First Amendment’s Establishment or Free Exercise Clauses, or the Religious Freedom Restoration Act.
In so holding, the Second Circuit joined the Fifth, Ninth, Tenth, and District of Columbia Circuits.