On January 23, 2012, the U.S. Supreme Court held (in U.S. v. Jones; decision below) that the government’s “installation of a GPS device on a target’s vehicle, and its use of that device to monitor the vehicle’s movements, constitutes a ‘search'” within the meaning of the Fourth Amendment. Central to the Court’s analysis and conclusion was the physical intrusion into defendant’s car (a Fourth Amendment “effect”).
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