In a recently-issued summary order, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit affirmed the district court’s dismissal, on summary judgment, of plaintiff’s hostile work environment, retaliation, and race, gender, and disability discrimination claims. The case, Solomon v. Southampton Union Free School District, No. 11-3935-cv, 2012 WL 6097357 (Dec. 10, 2012), illustrates yet again that hostile work environment claims must be carefully analyzed in light of all the facts.
Here, plaintiff was required to show:
misconduct of a racial or sexual nature sufficiently severe or pervasive to alter the conditions of [her] employment, both subjectively and objectively. … To withstand summary judgment, a plaintiff must demonstrate either that a single incident was extraordinarily severe, or that a series of incidents were sufficiently continuous and concerted to have altered the conditions of her working environment. … The plaintiff may rely on other employees’ firsthand testimony about acts of discrimination, even if plaintiff did not personally experience those acts, … but those acts must actually constitute discrimination and not be merely tinged with offensive … connotations[.] (Emphasis added.)
Plaintiff failed to meet this standard:
Although [plaintiff] points to many examples of alleged discriminatory acts, under greater scrutiny the incidents do not give rise to a reasonable inference of discrimination. For example, Solomon argues that Timothy Frazier, the principal of the intermediate school, hung a confederate flag in the school hallways, but the confederate flag was actually part of Georgia’s state flag, which Frazier had hung along with several other state flags. In another example, Solomon claimed that Frazier told her to “serve coffee and cake” to her white teaching aides. … [H]owever, [plaintiff] explained [at her 50-h hearing] that Frazier thought there was a communication problem between Solomon and her teaching aides, and that another school official … chimed in and said, ‘You need to pat them on the back, and you should buy them coffee and cake and make nice with them.’ … No reasonable jury could find that these actions, considered in context, evidenced a discriminatory motive.
The court also reiterated that a hostile work environment must exist because of the plaintiff’s protected class: “While the record contains some evidence that Frazier was abusive to a number of individuals, no reasonable jury could find … that Solomon was subjected to a hostile environment on account of her race, gender, or disability.” (Emphasis added) The court noted that while plaintiff was teaching in the District since 1998, she “identified only a handful of incidents of alleged discrimination” which, as a matter of law, did “not rise to the level of an actionable hostile work environment.”
Finally, plaintiff failed to show that the District’s non-discriminatory explanations for the alleged adverse actions “were pretextual and that the District was really motivated by a discriminatory animus.”